MEXXX

RAILROAD VEHICLE DYNAMICS

Credits:

  

 

3-0-0-9
 

Course Objective:


Introduction to analytical tools for modeling, analysis and design of railway vehicles.

Prerequisite:


Dynamics

Desirable:


ME 625, ESO 209a (or equivalents)

Instructor:


N. S. Vyas

Other interested faculty members:


Bishakh Bhattacharya, Nachiketa Tiwari

Lectures per week:


3 hrs

Eligibility:


PG, UG (III, IV yrs)

Condensed Syllabus:


Railroad Vehicles and Multi-body System Dynamics, Contraint Dynamics, Geometry Problems, Contact Theories, General Multi-body Vehicle Formulations, Specialised Railroad Vehicle Formulations, Linearised Railroad Vehicle Models, Motion Stability, Motion Scenarios (Hunting, Steady Curving, Spiral Negotiations, Twist, Pitch, Roll, Yaw, Sway, Dynamic Curving, Response to discintinuities), Modeling and Simulation.

Lecture-wise Break-up


I. Introduction (2 hrs):

II. Dynamic Formulations (6 hrs):

  • General Displacement, Rotation Matrix, Velocities and Accelerations, Newton-Euler Equations, Joint Constraints, Augmented Formulations, Trajectory Coordinates, Embedding Techniques, Virtual Work

III. Rail and Wheel Geometry (6 hrs):

  • Theory of Curves, Geometry of surfaces, Rail Geometry, Definitions and Terminology, Geometric description of track, Wheel Geometry

IV. Contact and Creep-Force Models (6 hrs):

  • Hertz Theory, Creep Phenomenon, Wheel/Rail contact approaches, Creep-force theories

V. Multibody Contact Formulations (10 hrs):

  • Prameterisation of Wheel and Rail surfaces, Constraint Contact Formulations, Augmented constraint contact formulation, Embedded constraint contact formulation, Elastic Contact Formulation (Algebraic Equations, Nodal Search), Planar Contact Profile Parameters Coupling between surface parameters

VI. Modelling and Simulation (10 hrs):

  • Multi-body and constraint algorithms, Track models, Creep calculations, Measurements Damping Elements, Maglev models, Stability Models

Suggested Textbooks:

  1. Railroad Vehicle Dynamics, Ahmed A. Shabana, Khaled E. Zaazaa, Hiroyuki Sugiyama, CRC Press

  2. Dynamics of Railway Vehicle Systems, Vijay K. Garg, Rao V, Dukkipati, Academic Press

  3. Fundamentals of Rail Wheel Dynamics, A. H. Wickens, Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers, The Netherlands

  4. Handbook of Railway Vehicle Dynamics, Simon Iwnicki, CRC Press

  5. Railway Noise and Vibration, David Thompson, Elsvier

  6. Wheel-rail Interface Handbook, R. Lewis, U. Olofsson, CRC Press
 

ME765A

MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION

Credits:

  

 

3-0-0-9
 

Aim:


This course is designed as an elective course to acquaint undergraduate and postgraduate students in mechanical engineering with manufacturing automation. The course will acquaint students with different types of automation, automated assembly lines, programmable automation, flexible automation, material handling, cellular manufacturing, component classification, NC programming, interpolation, trajectory generation, modeling of CNC machine tools, system identification, multi loop control, learning control, and industrial robots. The course will discuss theoretical as well as practical aspects of the above-mentioned concepts. Hands-on experience will be provided through demos, and labs.

Pre-requisites:


ME 354 or equivalent course(s) or PG student

Short summary:


This course focuses on manufacturing automation. It includes understanding of automated assembly lines, programmable automation, flexible automation, material handling, cellular manufacturing, component classification, NC programming, interpolation, trajectory generation, modeling of manufacturing machines, system identification, multi loop control, learning control, and industrial robots.

Course contents:


Based on 26 lectures of 1.5 hours each


1. Introduction to Automation: (1 Lecture)

  • Introduction to the course, types of automation, automation strategies

2. Automated Flow Lines and their Analysis: (4 Lectures)

  • Automated Flow Lines and their Analysis

3. Programmable Automation: (1 Lecture)

  • NC and CNC systems and their programming

4. Hardware Components for Automation and their Analysis: (5 Lectures)

  • Review of mechanical vibrations, overview of hardware components of CNC machine tools, modeling of some common components, analysis of machine tool dynamics, system identification

5. Industrial Control Systems and their Analysis: (6 Lectures)

  • Review of control systems, analysis of: multi loop controllers, learning controllers and trajectory generation methodologies, overview of industrial robots: anatomy and control

6. Flexible Automation: (2 Lectures)

  • Material handling, storage, processing stations, FMS layout

7. Group Technology (GT): (3 Lectures)

  • Concept of GT, advantages and drawbacks, coding and classification, component classification, part families, production flow analysis, cluster analysis

8. Lab Demos*: (4 Lectures)

  • Lab demonstrations related to hardware components, industrial control systems, and programmable automation

* Lab module will run concurrently with lecture modules 1 to 7.


Recommended books:

  1. Suh, S.H., Kang, S.K., Chung, D.H. and Stroud, I., Theory and design of CNC systems.

  2. Altintas, Y., Manufacturing Automation: Metal Cutting Mechanics, Machine Tool Vibrations, and CNC Design.

  3. Koren, Y., Computer control of manufacturing systems.

  4. Groover, M.P., Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated Manufacturing

  5. Singh, N., Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing

Reference books:

  1. Franklin, G.F., Powell, J.D. and Emami-Naeini, A., Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems.

  2. Ellis, G., Control system design guide: using your computer to understand and diagnose feedback controllers.

  3. Åström, K.J. and Wittenmark, B., Computer-controlled systems: theory and design.

  4. Alciatore, D.G. and Histand, M.B., Introduction to mechatronics and measurement systems.

  5. Nise, N.S., Control systems engineering.

  6. Craig, J.J., Introduction to Robotics: Mechanics and Control.

  7. Sinha, S.K., CNC Programming (Fanuc Control).

  8. Hakan, G., Industrial Motion Control.

  9. Boothroyd, G., Poli, C., and Murch, L. E., Automatic Assembly
 

ME771A

SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

Credits:

  

 

3-0-0-9
 

Concise Syllabus


Overview of smart materials, Piezoelectric Ceramics, Piezo-polymers, Magnetostrictive Materials, Electroactive Polymers, Shape Memory Alloys, Electro and Magneto Rheological Fluids, Modelling of smart materials, introduction to composite smart materials, Mechanics of smart composite materials, Smart sensors based on high bandwidth low strain smart materials, Low-bandwidth high strain smart actuators, Micro-electro mechanical Smart Systems, Intelligent devices based on smart materials, Applications of Smart Actuators: Active and Hybrid Vibration Control, Active Shape Control, Distributed Sensing and Control of Smart Beams.

Lecture Wise Break Up


I. Overview of Smart Materials

  • Introduction to Smart Materials, Principles of Piezoelectricty, Perovskyte Piezoceramic Materials,   Single Crystals vs Polycrystalline Systems, Piezoelectric Polymers, Principles of Magnetostriction, Rare earth Magnetostrictive materials, Giant Magnetostriction and Magneto-resistance Effect, Introduction to Electro-active Materials, Electronic Materials, Electro-active Polymers, Ionic Polymer Matrix Composite (IPMC), Shape Memory Effect, Shape Memory Alloys, Shape Memory Polymers, Electro-rheological Fluids, Magneto Rhelological Fluids [12]

II. High-Band Width, Low Strain Smart Sensors

  • Piezeoelctric Strain Sensors, In-plane and Out-of Plane Sensing, Shear Sensing, Accelerometers, Effect of Electrode Pattern, Active Fibre Sensing, Magnetostrictive Sensing, Villari Effect, Matteuci Effect and Nagoka-Honda Effect, Magnetic Delay Line Sensing, Application of Smart Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), System Identification using Smart Sensors [8]

III. Smart Actuators

  • Modelling Piezoelectric Actuators, Amplified Piezo Actuation – Internal and External Amplifications, Magnetostrictive Actuation, Joule Effect, Wiedemann Effect, Magnetovolume Effect, Magnetostrictive Mini Actuators, IPMC and Polymeric Actuators, Shape Memory Actuators, Active Vibration Control, Active Shape Control, Passive Vibration Control, Hybrid Vibration Control [8]

IV. Smart Composites

  • Review of Composite Materials, Micro and Macro-mechanics, Modelling Laminated Composites based on Classical Laminated Plate Theory, Effect of Shear Deformation, Dynamics of Smart Composite Beam, Governing Equation of Motion, Finite Element Modelling of Smart Composite Beams [8]

V. Advances in Smart Structures & Materials

  • Self-Sensing Piezoelectric Transducers, Energy Harvesting Materials, Autophagous Materials, Self-Healing Polymers, Intelligent System Design, Emergent System Design [6]

References:

  1. Brian Culshaw, Smart Structures and Materials, Artech House, 2000

  2. Gauenzi, P., Smart Structures, Wiley, 2009

  3. Cady, W. G., Piezoelectricity, Dover Publication
 

ME774A

BIOMEMS

Credits:

  

 

3-0-0-9
 

Prerequisites:


Engineering Mathematics

Scope:


The contents are relevant for engineering post-graduate students as well as interested undergraduate level students (with instructor permission). This course would cover (a) Micro- system technology to realize various biologically inspired systems and materials (b) Micro- fluidic systems (c)Various aspects of processes and methods derived from the microelectronic industry to realize micro-systems (d)Lab-on-chip technology (e) Biological and medical sensors. The course would also cover some introductory cell biology concepts and protein/ DNA chemistry etc. (Please also refer to an abstract highlighting the relevance and objectives).


I. Introduction to BioMEMS and Microsystems technology: (5 Lecture)

  • Basics of sensors. (1 Lecture)

  • Biochip Sensors & Microarrays (1 Lecture)

  • Introduction to device Fabrication. (2 Lecture)

  • Microfluidics (1 Lecture)

II. Sensing Technologies: (10 Lecture)

  • Potentiometric and Amperometric sensors (7 Lecture)
    Electrochemistry basics, Nersnt Equation, Referencing of electrodes, Nicolskii Eisenmann method of evaluation of electrode potential, Debye Huckel Theory, Zeta Potential on electrode surfaces, Cyclic Voltametry, Ion selectivity analysis.

  • Impedometric sensing, Optical Sensing (Fluorescence, phosphorescence, FRET, Visible range and IR sensing), Mechanical sensing etc. (2 Lecture)

  • Introduction to Microfluidic Sensor design. (1 Lecture)

III. Microfluidics (10 Lectures)

  • Fundamentals of fluid flow (1 lecture)

  • Continuum mechanics at small scales, Derivation of Conservation of Mass and Conservation of Momentum equations, Scaling laws. (2 lectures)

  • Low Reynold's no. flows, Entrance effects in micro-fluidic devices, Surface tension driven flows. (1 lecture)

  • Electro-kinetic flows (3 lecture)
    Electrophoresis, Electro-osmosis, Dielectrophoresis, Streaming potential and Sedimentation potential,

  • Micro-fluidics for internal flow control (micro-pumps and micro-valves, device building and characterization) (1 Lectures)

  • Micromixer design and characterization, Micro-fluidics for life sciences and chemistry. (2 Lectures)

IV. Introduction to Cell biology, DNA & Proteins for diagnostics: (10 Lectures)

  • Basics of the cell, DNA and proteins (1 Lecture)

  • Introduction to Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (1 Lecture)

  • Microchip PCR (1 Lecture)

  • Design of micro-reactors (1 Lecture)

  • Space domain and time domain PCR reactors (1 Lecture)

  • Design of DNA microarrays (1 Lecture)

  • DNA and protein sensing (1 Lecture)

  • Protein structure (1 Lecture)

  • Protein transcription and translation (Protein structure coding) (2Lecture)

V. Microelectronic-fabrication processes: (05 Lectures)

  • Review of basic silicon processes (3 Lectures)
    Introduction to microelectronic fabrication, Optical lithography, photo-resists, Non optical lithography techniques, LIGA processes, Design Considerations, Vacuum science and plasmas, Etching techniques, Physical vapor deposition (evaporation and sputtering), Chemical vapor deposition.

  • Review of basic fabrication processes for polymers: (2 Lectures)
    Polymer materials for micro-systems, Polymeric micromachining technology like softlithography, Bulk and surface micromachining, replication technologies, laser machining, micro-stereo lithography, micro-molding, Assembly and packaging of micro-systems, Biocompatibility of materials and processes.

References:

  1. Fundamentals of Microfabrication (Second Edition), Marc J. Madou, CRC press Taylor and Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL33487-2724, 2002.

  2. BioMEMS Technologies and Applications, Edited by Wanjun Wang, Steven A. Soper, CRC press Taylor and Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL33487-2724, 2006.

  3. Biomolecular sensing, processing and analysis, Rashid Bashir, Steve T. Werely, Mauro Ferrari, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY10013, USA, 2006.

  4. Fundamentals and applications of Microfluidics, Nam-Trung Nguyen, Steve T. Werely, Artech house Inc., 685 Canton Street, Norwood, MA02062, 2002.

  5. The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication (Second Edition), Stephen A. Cambell, Oxford University Press, 198, Madison Avenue, New York 10016, 2001.

  6. Molecular Biology of the Cell (fourth edition), Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Kate Roberts, Peter Walter, Garland Sand, Taylor and Francis group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL33487-2724, 2002.